Madagascar

Madagascar is the world's fourth-largest island, located roughly 400 kilometres east of Mozambique across the Mozambique Channel. Antananarivo serves as the capital and largest city. Malagasy and French are the official languages, and the currency is the Malagasy ariary. The population of approximately 28 million draws on Austronesian, African, and Arab ancestral roots, producing a cultural identity distinct from any mainland African nation.

Many nationalities can obtain a visa on arrival at Ivato International Airport in Antananarivo, typically for stays of up to 30 or 90 days depending on the duration requested. The Malagasy government also offers an e-visa through its official portal. Travellers should verify current eligibility and fees through the official embassy or immigration authority before departure.

Tsingy de Bemaraha, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the west, presents a cathedral of razor-sharp limestone pinnacles unlike almost anywhere on earth. Baobab Alley near Morondava lines a dirt road with ancient Adansonia grandidieri trees reaching 30 metres high. Ranomafana National Park in the eastern rainforest is one of the most reliable places to observe several lemur species. Nosy Be, a northern island, is known for its coral reefs and marine biodiversity. Isalo National Park in the south combines sandstone massifs, natural swimming pools, and canyon trails.

Madagascar has a tropical climate with two main seasons: a hot, wet season from November to April and a cooler, drier season from May to October. Highland areas around Antananarivo average 15–20 °C year-round, while coastal lowlands regularly reach 30–35 °C in summer. The east coast is prone to cyclones between January and March. The dry season — May to October — is generally the most comfortable time to visit; pack layers for highland evenings.

• Around 90 percent of wildlife species are found nowhere else.
• Lemurs exist only in Madagascar and the Comoros.
• The island split from the Indian subcontinent roughly 88 million years ago.
• Madagascar is the world's leading producer of vanilla.
• It has more than 170 palm species, most endemic.

• madagascar-tourisme.com — Official Madagascar National Tourism Board
• evisamadagascar.com — Official Malagasy e-visa application portal
• meteo.mg — Madagascar national meteorological service
• gov.mg — Official portal of the Malagasy government