Guatemala

Located in Central America, Guatemala borders Mexico to the north and west, Belize and the Caribbean Sea to the east, Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The capital is Guatemala City, the largest urban centre in Central America. Spanish is the official language, though over twenty Maya languages are spoken widely. The currency is the Guatemalan quetzal (GTQ). Cultural identity is deeply shaped by the country's majority indigenous population, colonial-era architecture, and active volcanic geography.

Many nationalities — including citizens of the United States, Canada, the European Union, and the United Kingdom — enter Guatemala visa-free for short stays, typically as tourists. Guatemala is part of the Central America-4 Border Control Agreement with El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua, which affects onward travel. Travellers should consult the Guatemalan Ministry of Foreign Affairs or their nearest consulate for current entry conditions, as requirements vary by nationality.

Antigua Guatemala, a UNESCO World Heritage city, preserves colonial Spanish Baroque architecture set against the backdrop of Volcán de Agua. Lake Atitlán, a deep caldera lake ringed by three volcanoes and a dozen indigenous villages, is one of the most visually striking lakes in the Americas. Tikal National Park contains towering Classic-period Maya temples rising above the Petén jungle canopy. Chichicastenango hosts one of the largest traditional Maya markets in Central America, held weekly on Thursdays and Sundays. Semuc Champey offers a series of turquoise limestone pools spanning a natural bridge in Alta Verapaz.

Guatemala has a tropical climate moderated significantly by altitude. The Pacific lowlands and Petén jungle are hot and humid year-round, reaching 30–38°C in the dry season. The highlands, including Antigua and Lake Atitlán, are cooler and more temperate, with daytime highs of 20–25°C and nights that can drop to 5–10°C. A distinct dry season runs November through April, making this the most comfortable period to visit. Light layers are advisable for highland evenings regardless of season.

• Quetzal bird inspired both the currency and national symbol.
• Home to at least 37 volcanoes, four still active.
• Maya calendar system originated in this region.
• Antigua was capital until a 1773 earthquake.
• Chocolate production traces back to ancient Maya civilisation.

• visitguatemala.com — official tourism portal of the Guatemala Tourism Institute (INGUAT)
• minex.gob.gt — Ministry of Foreign Affairs, visa and consular information
• insivumeh.gob.gt — national weather and seismological service
• banguat.gob.gt — Bank of Guatemala, official currency and economic data